Conference napalm::guitar

    
    A "turn-around" is found at the end of a musical phrase and is used
    as a device to lead to the beginning of the next phrase.  The most
    common example is in a twelve bar blues:
    
    I I I I / IV IV I I / V IV I V
    
    The use of the V chord in the twelfth bar (or sometimes only the
    last half of the twelfth bar) provides the leading of the V chord
    to the I chord.  
    
    Typically during such a turnaround, the players inject some sort
    of fill (drum rolls, etc.) and this tends to "mark" the end of the
    phrase, be it a verse, chorus, bridge, what have you.  

    
    
    
    Great, thanks Brian, so if I were playing in Am and did a little thing
    around D and E7 before going back to the beginning of the 12-bar, I
    would actually be doing a turnaround??  Long as you're there.... what's
    the definition of a bridge... mine would be:
    
    	Music that "bridges" to and from a chorus... what's the real one??
    
    
    Steve
    
    Turn that bridge around

    
    A bridge, sometimes called a "middle 8" is a section in the song
    that differs from the verse and chorus, thus "bridges" sections
    in the song.  Many songs don't have bridges at all, like most blues
    and rock tunes.  They are most common in pop forms.  Many old
    "standards" used in jazz have them.
    
    A classic example is in the Beatles' "I Saw Her Standing There", the
    section that goes: "Well, my heart went boom when I crossed that room
    and I held her hand in mine" is a bridge. 

    

           
    Well - I have a question too.
           
    As my knowledge of theory I need help with this :- 
           
    When you refer to I II III IV etc.. what do you mean ? Its obviously 
    roman numerals but what are they used for in relation to music ? I'm 
    assuming they have some sort of positional meaning ??
                             
    Thanks,
    Thick of UK (Tony)        

    Gee, I always thought of a bridge as a segue !

    Websters sez a segue is: To proceed without a pause from one musical
    theme to another... 

    Websters sez: a bridge is a structure carrying a pathway or roadway
    over a depression or obstacle...

    ;^)
    jc (Who is a little nutz today)

    
    
    	.3   Thanks... nice explanation, but I probably still wouldn't have
    understood with out the great example.
    
    	Hey, lemme take this opportunity to display my new theory
    knowledge:
    
    
    	The roman numerals refer to the notes in the scale that one is
    playing (guitar gods correct me, please if I'm wrong).  Frinstance, if
    I were playing in G-major (wish I had a guitar neck here).. the notes
    would be:
    
    I	G
    II	A
    III	B
    IV	C
    V	D
    VI	E
    VII	F#
    
    
    	This mode is called IONIAN.  So now when I'm playing with someone
    and they say "flat the seventh" (I think this makes things turn into
    myxolydian mode...) what they mean is turn the F# into F natural.
    
    
    	Whadaya think, Buck, am I getting this stuff or what??
    
    
    
    
    Steve

Interval formulas for scales (modes)
------------------------------------

          ionian  2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1 	I   do

          dorian  2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2 	II  re

        phrygian  1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2 	III mi

          lydian  2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1 	IV  fa

      mixolydian  2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2 	V   so

         aeolian  2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2 	VI  la

         locrian  1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2 	VII ti


	   major  2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1 

  	   minor  2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2 

  harmonic_minor  2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 3, 1 

   melodic_minor  2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1 

       diminshed  2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1 

pentatonic_major  2, 2, 3, 2, 3 

pentatonic_minor  3, 2, 2, 3, 2 

       enigmatic  1, 3, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1 

neopolitan_major  1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1 

neopolitan_minor  1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 3, 1 

 hungarian_minor  2, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3, 1 

    When using Roman numerals to identify scale tones, etc. just be
    careful when you're referring to chords.  In the key of C major,
    the I chord (C-E-G) is major thus you say it's a "I" chord.  The
    vi chord, however, is minor (A-C-E) so you show that in lower case
    Roman numerals.
    
    In any major key the chords would appear like this:
                              o
    I  ii  iii  IV  V  vi  vii  (diminished)
    
    	joe.

    I agree with .6  The roman numerals refer to intervals.
    They can also be used to indicate chords. For instance the
    old I IV V blues chord progression is based on the following
    
    	(key of C)
    
    	I    IV   I         IV        I         V    IV   I
    	C    F	  C	    F	      C         G    F    C 	
        1234|1234|1234|1234|1234|1234|1234|1234|1234|1234|1234|1234
    
    There are a million differant variations of the I IV V, but this
    is the simplist and most common.
    
    Mark
    
    

    
    Thanks a lot for the replies - one more black hole of theory 
    filled up  8^) !