| Title: | The Joy of Lex | 
| Notice: | A Notes File even your grammar could love | 
| Moderator: | THEBAY::SYSTEM | 
| Created: | Fri Feb 28 1986 | 
| Last Modified: | Mon Jun 02 1997 | 
| Last Successful Update: | Fri Jun 06 1997 | 
| Number of topics: | 1192 | 
| Total number of notes: | 42769 | 
    I stumbled on this while trying to construct a noun form from the
    verb 'to obtain'.  I realised that there are several different ways
    of doing this for other -tain words, but nothing for obtain.  This
    is strange since I'd assume the etymology of all of them is from
    Latin through the French -tenir.
    
    Thus:	main-tain	    -tenance
    		sus-tain	    -tenance
    
    		con-tain     [in]con-tinence
				   {-tainment}
    		per-tain	    -tinence
    
    		re-tain		    -tention
    		ob-tain		    ?
    Can any etymologists out there throw light on this strange diversity?
    Jeff.
| T.R | Title | User | Personal Name | Date | Lines | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 336.1 | BISTRO::TIMMER | Rien Timmer, Valbonne. | Mon Mar 23 1987 08:45 | 2 | |
|     My COD mentions 'obtention'.
    
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| 336.2 | YIPPEE::LIRON | Mon Mar 23 1987 08:48 | 8 | ||
| 
    The noun "obtention" exists in French, but not frequently
    used.  
    Conversely, "pertinent" and "pertinence" exist in French, but
    there is no corresponding verb.
    	roger
    
 | |||||
| 336.3 | It looks like it's in the prefix. | APTECH::RSTONE | >>>>----He went that-a-way!----> | Mon Mar 23 1987 11:42 | 9 | 
|     I suspect that the derivations of 'obtain' and 'obverse' may give
    a clue...
    
    Obtain is derived from the Latin *obtinere* (to attain) and obverse
    comes from *obvertere* (to turn toward).  Do we have a Latin scholar
    who can confirm that the prefix 'ob-' is a reference to one's self?
    
    Other words, such as observe, obsess, obstacle, obstinate, obstruct,
    etc. lead me to the same conclusion.
 | |||||
| 336.4 | YIPPEE::LIRON | Mon Mar 23 1987 12:52 | 27 | ||
|    Since I studied Latin for so long (9 years !) I'll venture
   the following:
     
   re: -1
   Not quite so. The Latin prefix ob indicates the general idea 
   of opposition (ob-position), something which is across your way, 
   or in front of your eyes.
   This is visible enough for obstacle, obstinate, obstruct, object,
   objection, objurgation etc ... All words in ob- from Latin origin
   contain that idea, sometime deeply hidden or even forgotten.
   It is less obvious (ob-vious) for *obtenere* and *obvertere*;
   but I believe these verbs were used about weapons; obtenere then meant
   "hold (weapon) against", and obvertere "turn (weapon) against".
   Their meaning has significantly evolved.
       
   
   re:.0 
   It should be noted that in the initial list of verbs in -tain, some 
   of them derive from *tenere* (to hold) and some from *tinere* 
   (a decadent form of the same verb, I think); this is why they 
   generated differing forms of nouns (in -ance, or -ence).
    
   Perhaps someday I'll look up my Latin dictionary to check if the above 
   is true !
          	roger	
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