|  |     Probably the simplest reference would be Kevin Shoemake's article
    in one of the Siggraph proceedings on "Animating Rotations with Quaternion
    Curves".  Here, he gives references to a few other papers on them.
    I think it was 1982 or around there... you'll have to look it up.
    Glassner's book "Graphics Gems" also discusses them briefly.  Also,
    in Courant and Hilbert's book on mathematical physics, vol I they
    show how quaternions and orthogonal matrices are connected by the
    Cayley transform.  They even appeared in Hackmem.
    There is always Hamilton's massive book on quaternions...
    - Jim
 | 
|  |     If you have NCSA Mosaic you might want to check out:
    
      http://robocop.modmath.cs.cmu.edu:8001/htbin/mjwgenformII
    
    For a "genetic art" display. Nine computer-generated images are shown
    and you can "vote" on which ones you like best. Every 10 votes the
    winners are paired genetically and new images are created.
    
    What does this have to do with quaternions? Well, that's how the images
    are created, the (i,j,k) coefficients map to the (R,G,B) color scheme.
    It's all explained in subsequent pages. Quoting from the explanation:
    
    "The previous art exhibit used functions over the reals, this one uses
    functions over the quaternions (4 dimensional vectors) and gets color
    R/G/B values directly from three entries of the vectors. Quaternions
    were chosen because: 
    
    *   They form a vector space (over the reals) large enough to
    conveniently hold the three vales: R,G and B. 
    
    *   They form an associative division algebra over the reals (thus
    formulas over the quaternions should have some of the same properties
    as the formulas used in the first exhibit). 
    
    *   Any properly orthogonal mapping of euclidian 3-space can be viewed
    as the action of a quaternion automorphism on the purely imaginary
    quaternions (the functions orth1 and orth2 in the current
    implementation). 
    
    *   The quaternions are somewhat unique (e.g. any normed associative
    real division algebra is isomorphic to the reals, complex numbers or
    the quaternions)."
    
    I find the last point most interesting. Does this mean the
    8-dimensional counterpart ("Octernions"?) fails to satisfy some
    conditions, or was the term "quaternions" used to refer generically
    to the class of 2^Nth roots of unity.?
    
    If you poke around in the subsequent pages you'll find the code that
    generates the art, including a rather complete quaternion arithmetic
    package in C. All GPL'ed (GNU Public License, free to copy and use)
    
      John
 | 
|  |     RE: -.1
    
    � I find the last point most interesting. Does this mean the
    � 8-dimensional counterpart ("Octernions"?) fails to satisfy some
    � conditions, or was the term "quaternions" used to refer generically
    � to the class of 2^Nth roots of unity.?
    
    As I recall, the 8-dimensional beasts are called Caley (?) numbers and
    are not associative.  And there are no higher-order division algebras.
    
        -- Jeff
 |